TASK 1:
Written by: IELTS I-Ready, 21/8/2023
Marked by: Examiner
The graph below shows unemployment levels in Ireland and the number of people leaving the country between 1988 and 2008.
The line chart details statistics regarding the unemployment rate of Irish residents and how many of them migrated to foreign places from 1988 to 2008. Overall, compared to the first year, while the proportion of people who did not have a job decreased markedly, the number of people moving out of Ireland increased slightly. Moreover, for the most part, the higher the unemployment rate, the more people moved out of Ireland.
Regarding the percentage of people without an occupation, it started at the highest result of nearly 17% in 1988 but then fell to just over 12% in 1990. Despite recovering to roughly 16% in nearly 1993, this dipped at about 5% in 2000, fluctuating at this level until around 2007 before increasing to a high of approximately 10% by the end.
Concerning the number of Irish migrants to other nations, roughly 40,000 people relocated in the first year, followed by a peak of nearly 70,000 in 1990. Thereafter, it witnessed a dramatic drop to about 30,000 and then fluctuated for about 16 years, prior to recording a rebound to just over 40,000 in the final year. (191 words)
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TASK 2:
ESSAY INFORMATION:
Written by: IELTS I-Ready, 21/8/2023
Marked by: Examiner
(IELTS Academic – 19/8/2023)
Question: The increase in the production of consumer goods results in damage to the natural environment. What are the causes of this? What can be done to solve this problem?
ANSWER:
The upsurge in the manufacturing of commodities entails unwelcome effects on the environment. This essay will discuss the possible causes and suggest viable solutions to this issue.
Certain factors can contribute to the detrimental impact of the increased production of retail merchandise on the environment. The foremost one is resource depletion. The escalating production of items requires a large amount of raw materials such as minerals, metals or fossil fuels. As a consequence, human exploitation of natural ecosystems may result in inevitable loss of the future provision of resources and other ecosystem components. An additional driver is mounting waste generation. A large share of retail commodities are disposable or non-durable with a short life span. Therefore, even if waste treatment is conducted, it can emit a high carbon footprint, intensifying air, land and water degradation. To illustrate, waste buried may seep into waterways which pollute the water system.
However, the authorities can react to curb the worst excesses. The first remedy is education. The government can run public awareness campaigns to articulate the negative outcomes of consumerism so the general public can make responsible decisions concerning their shopping habits. Thus, they may lean towards other more eco-friendly practices such as recycling or buying products made from recycled materials. Moreover, governments should encourage the development and utilisation of clean technologies in the manufacturing process. For example, businesses in Vietnam are incentivised to adopt more sustainable and greener techniques through the provision of tax incentives or the waiver of taxes for a predetermined period.
In conclusion, the predicament of companies producing more items which wreak havoc on nature are mainly caused by over-harnessing natural resources and increased waste disposal. Where possible, legislators should educate the citizenry about the negative impacts of a consumerist lifestyle and motivate enterprises to shift from traditional production processes to more environmentally friendly ones. (306 words)
Highlight Vocabulary:
| English | Vietnamese |
| Commodities | Hàng hóa |
| Depletion | Sự cạn kiệt |
| Escalating | Đang leo thang |
| Exploitation | Sự khai thác |
| Components | Thành phần |
| Disposable | Có thể vứt bỏ |
| Non-durable | Không bền |
| Degradation | Sự suy thoái |
| Utilisation | Sự sử dụng |
| Incentivised | Được khuyến khích |
| Waiver | Sự miễn |
| Predicament | Tình thế khó khăn |
| Wreak havoc | Tàn phá |
| Over-harnessing | Sự khai thác quá mức |
| Disposal | Sự vứt bỏ |
| Enterprises | Doanh nghiệp |
